Ovarian Puncture: The Key Step in In Vitro Fertilization

Ovarian puncture is a crucial step in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process. It is a minimally invasive procedure in which eggs are retrieved from the ovaries to be fertilized in the laboratory.

If you are considering assisted reproduction treatment, it is essential to understand what ovarian puncture involves, how it is performed, and what care is required afterward.

What is ovarian puncture?

Ovarian puncture, also known as follicular aspiration, is a surgical procedure in which mature eggs are retrieved from the ovaries after a controlled ovarian stimulation process. This allows the eggs to be fertilized in the laboratory through IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

How is ovarian puncture performed?

The process consists of several stages:

• Prior ovarian stimulation: Before the puncture, the patient receives hormonal medication to stimulate the growth of multiple follicles in the ovaries. This process is monitored through ultrasounds and hormonal analyses.

• Administration of the maturation trigger: Once the follicles have reached the appropriate size, an injection of hCG or GnRH agonist is administered to induce the final maturation of the eggs. The puncture is scheduled approximately 34-36 hours later.

• Puncture procedure: It is performed in an operating room under sedation or mild anesthesia. With the help of a transvaginal ultrasound, the specialist inserts a fine needle through the vagina into the ovaries and retrieves the eggs from the follicles through aspiration.

• Recovery: The patient remains under observation for approximately 1-2 hours before discharge. Mild abdominal discomfort, similar to menstrual cramps, may be experienced.

  
  
  
  

Post-Ovarian Puncture Care

After the procedure, it is important to follow some recommendations:

• Relative rest on the day of the procedure.

• Avoid intense physical activities for the following days.

• Stay well-hydrated and follow the specialist's instructions.

• Be attentive to symptoms such as severe pain, fever, or heavy bleeding, and consult a doctor if needed.

  
  
  
  
  
  

Ovarian puncture is a fundamental procedure in in vitro fertilization and is generally performed quickly and safely. With proper preparation and medical follow-up, patients can confidently undergo this process, knowing they are one step closer to achieving pregnancy.